Determine if the trench is considered a confined space .Have a worker above ground when a worker is working in the trench to warn those in the trench of danger and to provide emergency help.Identify appropriate personal protective equipment including high visibility apparel for vehicular traffic and make sure every worker wears them as required.Protect workers from falling into the excavation.Plan appropriate organization of the work site, and good housekeeping practices including moving debris and excavated soil far enough away from the excavation site.Test for oxygen levels in the space before entering, and during the work as required.Test for hazardous gas, vapours, and dust before entering.Determine if nearby buildings or structures and their foundations may put pressure on the soil and affect the walls of the trench.Be aware that nearby vehicles and equipment can cause the soil to vibrate and then collapse. Check areas near the site for potential hazards and sources that can impact the stability of the soil. Know all of the contact numbers of these services if there is an emergency.Make sure these services are de-energized as necessary.Identify and locate overhead power lines.Contact the owners of any underground utilities/services that may be in that location and ask them to identify and mark the location. Look for the legislative requirements that apply in your jurisdiction and the type of protective measures to be taken.Soil properties often vary widely within a single trench (e.g., the soil type changes from top to bottom and along the length of a trench). Identify the soil type(s) related to the excavation or trench you are going to dig.The employer or supervisor is responsible for the work, and must take the necessary steps to identify all the hazards and risks before beginning any work.
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